Cartridges? 120 film came in rolls, little metal or plastic spools maybe 2cm in diameter. You dropped it into the supply slot, cut the tape holding the paper leader in place, and threaded it across the camera into the takeup spool.
Were you maybe thinking of the "Instamatic" format, aka 126? They used molded black plastic cartridges that you just dropped into place. There was also a "baby" Instamatic format, 110.
Those cartridges were a pain to develop. You had to break them open in the dark, usually by smashing them on the corner of the countertop, and fish out the film to put on the developing reel.