A fair number of Apollo surface photos were damaged by dust getting on the film. Wedged between it and the reseau plate, the emulsion got scratched when the film was wound. The film was moved vertically, so vertical scratches (some very short) are characteristic.
There are a number of giveaways to identify Apollo surface pictures. As others have pointed out, only Apollos 12 and 14 used the standalone S-band dish. Apollo 12's flag hung limply on its pole because the lock for the horizontal bar didn't work.
Surveyor is of course a dead giveaway for Apollo 12, though as others have pointed out it was still in shadow during the first EVA.
The J missions (15-17) had the rovers, of course, and all landed in mountainous areas. 11, 12 and 14 were in marias.
Another clue is the positioning of the antennas on the LM, rover, ALSEP or the standalone dish. Use a map of the landing sites to estimate the look angles (e.g. Apollo 12 was far to the west, so its antennas pointed eastward, in the same direction as the sun but at a higher angle.) You can do the same with the laser reflectors; if you see one you also know it's Apollo 11, 14 or 15.
A special case is Apollo 16. The high gain antenna on Orion failed to "uncage" so you'll see it pointed directly aft instead of up at the sky.