3. YOU DON’T KNOW WHAT THE TEMPATURE OF THE MOON IS,OR IF THE MOON REFLECTS OR EMMITS LIGHT
As others have mentioned, you can estimate the surface temperature of the moon based on how rocks on Earth absorb and radiate heat. It's not magic.
Actually, we can
directly measure the moon's surface temperature all the way from earth just by looking at the electromagnetic radiation it emits. Yes, in addition to reflecting sunlight the moon emits its own radiation; you just can't see it because it's in the far infrared, not the visible spectrum like the sun.
Every object above absolute zero emits electromagnetic energy over a range of wavelengths, with the peak wavelength inversely proportional to its temperature. The hotter the object, the more total power it radiates and the shorter the peak wavelength of that radiation. By looking for that peak, you can directly determine the object's temperature.
The sun' "surface" ** temperature is about 5900K so its radiation peaks in the visible spectrum, with substantial amounts in the near infrared and near ultraviolet. The moon is much colder, so its radiation peak is in the far infrared (as is the earth's). In fact, it emits detectable amounts of radio noise in the microwave spectrum. This is useful because our atmosphere is mostly transparent to microwave radiation while carbon dioxide, water and other trace gases have strong absorption lines in the far IR that are best known for contributing to the greenhouse effect.
** Of course the sun doesn't have a solid "surface" or even a well-defined boundary since it is entirely composed of plasma. Like every atmosphere, its density just drops off exponentially with altitude. What we see as its "surface" is the level at which the sun's atmosphere is dense enough to become opaque to visible light.